Arctic Governance and Law (5op)

Osaamistavoitteet

After completion of the course the student is able to apply the knowledge learnt in the course to other regions and circumstances, and to past, current and future events and developments. The student is able to discuss, analyze, put into a global and regional context, and formulate own opinions on
- International Law, in particular, International Environmental Law that applies to the Arctic (students will learn about historical perspectives concerning the development of international environmental law and law-making process with specific reference to the Arctic)
- Foundations of International climate change law; including the evolution of United Nations Climate Regime, including UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement and how they apply to the Arctic (students will learn about the basic principles of climate change law, impacts of climate change on the Arctic and the application of international climate change law within the Arctic)
- The development of the international law of the sea; the rights and duties of states in the different maritime zones and areas in the Arctic
- The multiple layers of Arctic governance and politics; the historical development of Arctic cooperation forums and institutions, their structures, formats and role in Arctic governance, their capabilities and limitations to make a difference.

Sisältö

- Significance of Environmental Law in the Arctic
- International Law and Environment
- International Environmental Law: Law making process
- Basic Principles of International Environmental Law
- Reference to international regulations (and cases) applicable to the Arctic
- Objectives, Methods and Principles of International Climate Change Law
- Phases of the UN Climate Regime, Compliance and Enforcement in the Climate Change Regime
- Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement and the obligations of Arctic states towards them
- Arctic Indigenous peoples’ participation in shaping International Climate Change Law
- The history of the international law of the sea and its codification. The contemporary legal regime governing maritime areas in the Arctic, in particular the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC); maritime boundary delimitation, the rules governing different maritime zones, navigational rights and freedoms, protection and preservation of marine environment and IMO Conventions.
- The multilevel governance of the extraction of Arctic living and non-living resources
- Overview of the post-Cold War history and of the current status of Arctic politics and the regionalisation process
- The institutions of Arctic cooperation and their modes of functioning

Esitietovaatimukset

No prerequisities. Students benefit from participation in the ASPB1101 Introduction to the Arctic.

Arviointikriteerit, tyydyttävä (1)

Fail: Performance is highly deficient or erroneous. The work may be based on serious misunderstandings.

Sufficient and satisfactory (1-2): Performance is lacking in scope, superficial, or corresponds poorly to the assignment. The author merely lists things out of context or addresses them one-sidedly. The work may contain errors or obscurities.

Arviointikriteerit, hyvä (3)

Good and very good (3-4): Performance corresponds to the assignment, manifesting comprehension and a skill to analyse and justify. The author has addressed the issue comprehensively. The work may contain some deficiencies.

Arviointikriteerit, kiitettävä (5)

Excellent (5): Performance delineates an extensive whole and the author can apply knowledge in a multifaceted way or place it in various contexts. The work manifests independency and insight, and it is a flawless entity that involves justified thinking or critical contemplation. The work is well written and implemented.

Oppimateriaalit

Suggested literature:

Bodansky, D., Brunnee, J. & Rajamani, L. (2017). International Climate Change Law. Oxford: OUP. Chapters 2, 5 and 7.

Durfee, M. & Johnstone, R. L. (2019). Arctic Governance in a Changing World. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield. Chapters 3 (Arctic Players) and 5 (Arctic Economies and Resources).

Gavrilov, V. (2015). Legal Status of the Northern Sea Route and Legislation of the Russian Federation: A Note. Ocean Development and International Law, 46 (3): 256–263.

Loukacheva, N. (ed.) (2010). Polar Law Textbook. TemaNord. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. Available at: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:701555/FULLTEXT01.pdf.

Loukacheva, N. (ed.) (2013). Polar Law Textbook II. TemaNord. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. Available at: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:701016/FULLTEXT01.pdf.

Maguire, R. (2013). Foundations of International Climate Law. In E. J. Hollo, K. Kulovesi & M. Mehling (eds) Climate Change and the Law. Dordrecht: Springer.

Poelzer G. & Wilson, G. N. (2014). Governance in the Arctic: Political Systems and Geopolitics. In J. Nymand Larsen and G. Fondahl (eds) Arctic Human Development Report: Regional Process and Global Linkages. TemaNord 2014:567. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, pp. 183–220. Available at: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:788965/fulltext03.pdf.

Roach, J. A. (2009). International Law and the Arctic: A Guide to Understanding the Issues. Southwestern Journal of International Law, 15 (2): 301–326.

Sands, P. et al (2018). Principles of International Environmental Law. Cambridge University Press.

Steinberg, P. E. (2014). Steering between Scylla and Charybdis: The Northwest Passage as Territorial Sea. Ocean Development and International Law, 45 (1): 84–106.

Lisätiedot

Principal tutor:
PhD candidate Noor Punam.

Lecturers:
PhD candidate Noor Punam; Researcher, PhD candidate Adam Stepien; Post-Doc Researcher Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen (TBC).

Toteutustavat

Contact teaching and possible group works. Lectures (26 h) and independent work (104 h).

Suoritustavat

Active participation in the lectures (and group works), successful completion of a written exam for the whole course.